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Table 1 Characteristics of validation study participants (Missing N = 0 unless stated)

From: Validation of a core outcome measure for palliative care in Africa: the APCA African Palliative Outcome Scale

 

Phase 1a

(ii) Face validity: qualitative interview

Phase 1b

(ii) Face validity: cognitive interview

Phase 2

(iii) Construct validity

Phase 3

(iv) Internal consistency,

(v) Test-retest reliability &

(vii) Time to complete

PATIENTS N

90

73^

285

307

Age

    

Mean (SD)

43.2 (15.4)

44.8 (16.0)

40.1 (12.8)

41.9 (14.1)

Gender

    

Female

58 (64.4%)

49 (67.1%)

197 (69.1%)

207 (67.4%)

Primary diagnosis

    

Cancer

34 (37.8%)

33 (45.2%)

86 (30.2%)

90 (29.3%)

HIV

61 (67.8%)

44 (60.3%)

229 (80.4%)

244 (79.5%)

Of HIV+ pts:

    

On ART

39 (63.9%)

24 (54.5%)

127 (55.5%)a

140 (57.4%)

Prior AIDS

    

diagnosis

54 (88.5%)

37 (84.1%)

192 (83.8%)

196 (80.3%)

ECOG Functional status

    

Fully active

10 (11.1%)

8 (11.0%)

21 (7.4%)

29 (9.4%)

Restricted

24 (26.7%)

24 (32.9%)

65 (22.8%)

79 (25.7%)

Ambulatory

17 (18.9%)

17 (23.3%)

79 (27.7%)

71 (23.1%)

Limited self care

25 (27.8%)

14 (19.2%)

87 (30.5%)

101 (32.9%)

Completely disabled

14 (15.6%)

10 (13.7%)

33 (11.6%)

27 (8.8%)

Household size

    

Mean (SD)

5.2 (5.0)a

4.9 (3.1)a

5.3 (2.5)b

5.5 (3.2)

Responsible for children?

    

Yes

68 (75.6%)

54 (74.0%)

232 (81.4%)

238 (77.5%)

Mean no. of children (SD)

2.8 (1.8)

2.9 (1.8)

3.1 (1.96)

3.1 (2.2)

Location of home

    

Urban

23 (25.6%)

23 (31.5%)

53 (18.6%)

79 (25.7%)

Peri-urban

26 (28.9%)

26 (35.6%)

53 (18.6%)

52 (16.9%)

Rural

41 (45.6%)

24 (32.9%)

179 (62.8%)

176 (57.3%)

Place of care

    

Home

56 (62.2%)

50 (68.5%)

180 (63.2%)

204 (66.4%)

Inpatient

27 (30.0%)

16 (21.9%)

74 (26.0%)

79 (25.7%)

Outpatient

3 (3.3%)

3 (4.1%)

13 (4.6%)

12 (3.9%)

Day care

4 (4.4%)

4 (5.5%)

18 (6.3%)

12 (3.9%)

Weeks under care

    

Mean (SD)

51.4 (85.2)a

62.6 (91.2)a

46.0 (74.8)

39.1 (69.5)

Median

15.0

25.0

12.0

8.0

FAMILY CARERS N

38

29

199

200

Age

  

*

*

Mean (SD)

44.8 (17.5)b

46.9 (18.3)

  

Gender

  

*

*

Female

32 (84.5%)b

26 (89.7%)

  

Household size

  

*

*

Mean (SD)

7.1 (3.5)b

6.8 (3.7)

  

Responsible for children?

  

*

*

Yes

30 (78.9%)b

24 (82.8%)

  

Mean no. of children (SD)

3.1 (1.6)

3.0 (1.7)

  

Location of home

  

*

*

Urban

4 (10.5%)

4 (13.8%)

  

Peri-urban

10 (26.3%)

10 (34.5%)

  

Rural

21 (55.3%)

15 (51.7%)

  

Missing

3

0

  
  1. ^ Subset of sample 1a
  2. * Carer data not collected for Phase 2 and 3.
  3. a Missing = 1
  4. b Missing = 3