Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the sample
From: Recovery from musculoskeletal injury: the role of social support following a transport accident
| Â | N (column %) | Persistent paina | RTWb | PCS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 1649) | N (row %) | N (row %) | Means (SD) | |||
Yes | No | Yes | No | (n = 1637) | ||
(n = 1026) | (n = 609) | (n = 955) | (n = 327) | |||
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 965 (58.5 %) | 596 (62.3 %) | 361 (37.7 %) | 609 (74.7 %) | 206 (25.3 %) | 41.77 (7.03) |
 Female | 684 (41.5 %) | 430 (63.4 %) | 248 (36.6 %) | 346 (74.1 %) | 121 (25.9 %) | 40.79 (7.50) |
 p-value |  | 0.64 | 0.80 | .01 | ||
Age group | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 16–24 | 176 (10.7 %) | 89 (50.9 %) | 86 (49.1 %) | 116 (80.0 %) | 29 (20.0 %) | 43.67 (6.22) |
 25–34 | 307 (18.6 %) | 183 (59.6 %) | 124 (40.4 %) | 225 (81.2 %) | 52 (18.8 %) | 42.87 (6.27) |
 35–44 | 365 (22.1 %) | 237 (65.5 %) | 125 (34.5 %) | 238 (75.6 %) | 77 (24.4 %) | 42.47 (7.28) |
 45–54 | 392 (23.8 %) | 275 (70.7 %) | 114 (29.3 %) | 222 (68.7 %) | 101 (31.3 %) | 40.11 (7.31) |
 55–64 | 247 (15.0 %) | 148 (61.4 %) | 93 (38.6 %) | 130 (71.8 %) | 51 (28.2 %) | 40.82 (7.13) |
 65+ | 149 (9.0 %) | 85 (57.4 %) | 63 (42.6 %) | 15 (48.4 %) | 16 (51.6 %) | 36.97 (7.62) |
 Missing | 13 (0.8 %) | 9 (69.2 %) | 4 (30.8 %) | 9 (90.0 %) | 1 (10.0 %) | 40.70 (8.49) |
 p-value |  | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Married or in de facto relationship | 896 (54.3 %) | 568 (64.0 %) | 319 (36.0 %) | 561 (77.1 %) | 167 (22.9 %) | 41.62 (7.17) |
 Widowed/separated/divorced | 284 (17.2 %) | 197 (70.1 %) | 84 (29.9 %) | 101 (62.0 %) | 62 (38.0 %) | 39.63 (7.46) |
 Never married | 459 (27.8 %) | 254 (55.6 %) | 203 (44.4 %) | 289 (75.7 %) | 93 (24.4 %) | 41.91 (7.14) |
 Missing | 10 (0.6 %) | 7 (70.0 %) | 3 (30.0 %) | 4 (44.4 %) | 5 (55.6 %) | 42.01 (6.67) |
 p-value |  | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||
Children | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 918 (55.7 %) | 574 (63.3 %) | 333 (36.7 %) | 558 (74.7 %) | 189 (25.3 %) | 41.71 (7.20) |
 No | 717 (43.5 %) | 444 (62.2 %) | 270 (37.8 %) | 391 (74.5 %) | 134 (25.5 %) | 40.89 (7.31) |
 Missing | 14 (0.8 %) | 8 (57.1 %) | 6 (42.9 %) | 6 (60.0 %) | 4 (40.0 %) | 42.65 (5.64) |
 p-value |  | 0.65 | 0.93 | .02 | ||
Family composition | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Married or in de facto relationship with children | 511 (31.0 %) | 332 (65.7 %) | 173 (34.3 %) | 332 (76.9 %) | 100 (23.2 %) | 41.87 (7.11) |
 Married or in de facto with no children | 382 (23.2 %) | 233 (61.5 %) | 146 (38.5 %) | 228 (77.6 %) | 66 (22.5 %) | 41.31 (7.25) |
 Widowed/separated/divorced with children | 129 (7.8 %) | 91 (72.2 %) | 35 (27.8 %) | 52 (64.2 %) | 29 (35.8 %) | 39.51 (7.41) |
 Widowed/separated/divorced with no children | 154 (9.3 %) | 105 (68.2 %) | 49 (31.8 %) | 49 (59.8 %) | 33 (40.2 %) | 39.72 (7.55) |
 Never married with children | 276 (16.7 %) | 149 (54.4 %) | 125 (45.6 %) | 173 (74.6 %) | 59 (25.4 %) | 42.43 (7.09) |
 Never married with no children | 176 (10.7 %) | 103 (58.5 %) | 73 (41.5 %) | 112 (77.2 %) | 33 (22.8 %) | 41.08 (7.22) |
 Missing | 21 (1.3 %) | 13 (61.9 %) | 8 (38.1 %) | 9 (56.3 %) | 7 (43.8 %) | 41.81 (5.89) |
 p-value |  | .002 | .004 | <.001 | ||
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 University level education | 373 (22.6 %) | 205 (55.9 %) | 162 (44.1 %) | 251 (83.7 %) | 49 (16.3 %) | 42.85 (7.00) |
 Less than University level education | 1252 (75.9 %) | 804 (64.6 %) | 440 (35.4 %) | 696 (71.6 %) | 276 (28.4 %) | 40.93 (7.29) |
 Missing | 24 (1.5 %) | 17 (70.8 %) | 7 (29.2 %) | 8 (80.0 %) | 2 (20.0 %) | 41.00 (5.50) |
 p-value |  | .002 | <.001 | <.001 | ||
Country of birth | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Australia | 1243 (75.4 %) | 769 (62.3 %) | 466 (37.7 %) | 752 (74.8 %) | 253 (25.2 %) | 41.55 (7.30) |
 Others | 397 (24.1 %) | 253 (64.7 %) | 138 (35.3 %) | 196 (72.6 %) | 74 (27.4 %) | 40.74 (7.05) |
 Missing | 9 (0.5 %) | 4 (44.4 %) | 5 (55.6 %) | 7 (70.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 41.97 (6.48) |
 p-value |  | .38 | .46 | .05 | ||
Residential location | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Melbourne | 1122 (68.0 %) | 692 (62.3 %) | 419 (37.7 %) | 670 (76.8 %) | 203 (23.3 %) | 41.59 (7.08) |
 Rest of Victoria | 459 (27.8 %) | 285 (62.5 %) | 171 (37.5 %) | 249 (69.6 %) | 109 (30.5 %) | 41.10 (7.48) |
 All other | 68 (4.1 %) | 49 (72.1 %) | 19 (28.0 %) | 36 (70.6 %) | 15 (29.4 %) | 39.34 (8.04) |
 p-value |  | .27 | .03 | .22 | ||
Employed at the time of accident | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 1320 (80.0 %) | 815 (62.4 %) | 491 (37.6 %) | 955 (74.5 %) | 327 (25.5 %) | 41.93 (7.06) |
 No | 325 (19.7 %) | 208 (64.0 %) | 117 (36.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 39.07 (7.59) |
 Missing | 4 (0.2 %) | 3 (75.0 %) | 1 (25.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 38.34 (2.59) |
 p-value |  | .29 |  | <.001 | ||
Occupationc | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Managers | 136 (10.3 %) | 83 (62.9 %) | 49 (37.1 %) | 98 (74.8 %) | 33 (25.2 %) | 41.62 (7.34) |
 Professionals | 233 (17.7 %) | 134 (58.8 %) | 94 (41.2 %) | 186 (84.9 %) | 33 (15.1 %) | 42.63 (6.95) |
 Technicians and trade workers | 293 (22.2 %) | 191 (65.4 %) | 101 (34.6 %) | 212 (73.4 %) | 77 (26.6 %) | 42.30 (6.99) |
 Community/personal service workers | 166 (12.6 %) | 95 (58.3 %) | 68 (41.7 %) | 113 (70.6 %) | 47 (29.4 %) | 41.92 (7.44) |
 Clerical/administration workers | 132 (10.0 %) | 91 (69.0 %) | 41 (31.1 %) | 103 (79.8 %) | 26 (20.2 %) | 40.51 (7.34) |
 Sales workers | 95 (7.2 %) | 60 (63.2 %) | 35 (36.8 %) | 73 (80.2 %) | 18 (19.8 %) | 42.74 (6.89) |
 Machine operators/drivers | 100 (7.6 %) | 54 (54.0 %) | 46 (46.0 %) | 70 (70.0 %) | 30 (30.0 %) | 41.15 (6.98) |
 Labourers | 158 (12.0 %) | 104 (66.2 %) | 53 (33.8 %) | 97 (61.8 %) | 60 (38.2 %) | 41.69 (6.56) |
 Missing | 7 (0.5 %) | 3 (42.9 %) | 4 (57.1 %) | 3 (50.0 %) | 3 (50.0 %) | 41.36 (5.67) |
 p-value |  | .19 | <.001 | .13 | ||
Incomec | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Less than $50,000 | 526 (39.8 %) | 333 (63.9 %) | 188 (36.1 %) | 370 (72.3 %) | 142 (27.7 %) | 41.74 (7.10) |
 More than $50,000 | 560 (42.4 %) | 340 (61.6 %) | 212 (38.4 %) | 435 (80.1 %) | 108 (19.9 %) | 42.28 (6.87) |
 Missing | 234 (17.7 %) | 142 (60.9 %) | 91 (39.1 %) | 150 (66.1 %) | 77 (33.9 %) | 41.51 (7.41) |
 p-value |  | .43 | .003 | .20 | ||
Injury types | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Dislocation | 119 (7.2 %) | 68 (57.1 %) | 51 (42.9 %) | 79 (79.0 %) | 21 (21.0 %) | 42.80 (6.46) |
 Fracture | 932 (56.5 %) | 565 (61.0 %) | 361 (39.0 %) | 592 (77.7 %) | 170 (13.3 %) | 41.39 (7.36) |
 Soft tissue | 517 (31.4 %) | 344 (67.5 %) | 166 (32.6 %) | 246 (67.4 %) | 119 (32.6 %) | 41.09 (7.26) |
 Sprain/strain | 81 (4.9 %) | 49 (61.3 %) | 31 (38.8 %) | 38 (69.1 %) | 17 (30.9 %) | 40.63 (6.78) |
 p-value |  | .05 | .001 | .10 | ||
Hospitalisation (within 7Â days of accident) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 953 (57.8 %) | 597 (63.0 %) | 351 (37.0 %) | 561 (73.8 %) | 199 (26.2 %) | 41.14 (7.38) |
 No | 696 (42.2 %) | 429 (62.5 %) | 258 (37.6 %) | 394 (75.5 %) | 128 (24.5 %) | 41.67 (7.06) |
 p-value |  | .83 | .50 | .15 | ||
Health prior to accident | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Excellent | 704 (42.7 %) | 454 (65.0 %) | 245 (35.1 %) | 454 (76.3 %) | 141 (23.7 %) | 42.27 (7.12) |
 Very good | 643 (39.0 %) | 390 (61.2 %) | 247 (38.8 %) | 387 (75.0 %) | 129 (25.0 %) | 41.16 (7.03) |
 Good | 241 (14.6 %) | 148 (62.2 %) | 90 (37.8 %) | 99 (66.9 %) | 49 (33.1 %) | 40.34 (7.28) |
 Fair | 46 (2.8 %) | 26 (56.5 %) | 20 (43.5 %) | 13 (68.4 %) | 6 (31.6 %) | 36.59 (8.83) |
 Poor | 13 (0.8 %) | 6 (46.2 %) | 7 (53.9 %) | 1 (33.3 %) | 2 (66.7 %) | 38.35 (9.12) |
 Missing | 2 (0.1 %) | 2 (100.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (100.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 40.06 (3.50) |
 p-value |  | .35 | .07 | <.001 | ||
Time post-injury | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 0–12 months | 368 (22.3 %) | 222 (62.7 %) | 132 (37.3 %) | 208 (68.9 %) | 94 (31.1 %) | 41.51 (7.44) |
 13–24 months | 561 (34.0 %) | 341 (60.8 %) | 220 (39.2 %) | 335 (77.9 %) | 95 (22.1 %) | 41.91 (7.17) |
 25–36 months | 377 (22.9 %) | 211 (56.0 %) | 166 (44.0 %) | 221 (75.9 %) | 70 (24.1 %) | 41.75 (7.07) |
 37+ months | 343 (20.8 %) | 252 (73.5 %) | 91 (26.5 %) | 191 (73.7 %) | 68 (26.3 %) | 39.87 (7.19) |
 p-value |  | <.001 | .05 | <.001 | ||