From: Quality of life 10 years after cardiac surgery in adults: a long-term follow-up study
Variable | PCS | MCS | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preop | At 5 years | At 10 years | Preop | At 5 years | At 10 years | |||||||
Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | |
Age | ||||||||||||
< 66 years | 50.7 ± 18.3 | 0.51 | 63.8 ± 23.1 | 0.21 | 63.7 ± 21.8 | 0.008 | 53.6 ± 21.0 | 0.13 | 65.1 ± 20.4 | 0.098 | 65.9 ± 19.2 | 0.029 |
> 66 years | 52.3 ± 19.1 | 59.9 ± 21.0 | 52.4 ± 22.0 | 57.3 ± 19.0 | 60.3 ± 20.2 | 57.3 ± 21.2 | ||||||
Sexe | ||||||||||||
Male | 53.3 ± 18.4 | 0.002 | 63.8 ± 22.4 | 0.028 | 61.0 ± 22.6 | 0.072 | 56.1 ± 19.7 | 0.21 | 64.5 ± 20.6 | 0.032 | 64.4 ± 20.4 | 0.023 |
Female | 44.5 ± 18.0 | 55.5 ± 20.1 | 51.1 ± 20.3 | 52.0 ± 22.0 | 57.0 ± 18.8 | 53.3 ± 17.5 | ||||||
Marital Status | ||||||||||||
Alone | 49.6 ± 17.9 | 0.41 | 58.5 ± 19.0 | 0.21 | 57.8 ± 20.0 | 0.70 | 56.5 ± 22.6 | 0.64 | 61.7 ± 17.1 | 0.61 | 59.8 ± 20.0 | 0.50 |
Living maritally | 51.9 ± 18.8 | 63.0 ± 22.9 | 59.8 ± 23.1 | 54.9 ± 19.6 | 63.3 ± 21.1 | 63.3 ± 20.5 | ||||||
Living in urban area | ||||||||||||
No | 53.1 ± 19.5 | 0.20 | 63.0 ± 23.3 | 0.63 | 61.2 ± 20.4 | 0.42 | 56.2 ± 21.1 | 0.51 | 62.9 ± 20.9 | 0.97 | 65.2 ± 19.9 | 0.22 |
Yes | 50.1 ± 17.9 | 61.4 ± 21.4 | 57.9 ± 24.2 | 54.5 ± 19.6 | 63.0 ± 20.1 | 60.6 ± 20.6 | ||||||
Professional status | ||||||||||||
Unemployed | 51.9 ± 18.3 | 0.39 | 60.3 ± 22.4 | 0.005 | 57.4 ± 23.1 | 0.025 | 55.6 ± 19.6 | 0.65 | 61.3 ± 20.3 | 0.009 | 61.2 ± 21.0 | 0.059 |
Professionally active | 49.1 ± 20.3 | 71.2 ± 19.0 | 67.8 ± 18.2 | 53.9 ± 23.0 | 71.2 ± 19.2 | 69.0 ± 16.4 | ||||||
On invalidity | ||||||||||||
Yes | 51.6 ± 18.7 | 0.38 | 62.9 ± 21.9 | 0.057 | 59.8 ± 22.2 | 0.65 | 55.3 ± 20.2 | 0.87 | 63.3 ± 20.5 | 0.30 | 63.0 ± 20.3 | 0.48 |
No | 45.0 ± 18.2 | 41.8 ± 23.6 | 51.2 ± 34.2 | 53.9 ± 21.2 | 55.6 ± 17.7 | 53.4 ± 23.5 | ||||||
Socio-economic class | ||||||||||||
Upper middle class | 51.8 ± 20.9 | 0.22 | 75.1 ± 15.0 | 0.14 | 60.1 ± 26.3 | 0.82 | 55.3 ± 26.3 | 0.77 | 74.1 ± 14.9 | 0.33 | 62.1 ± 24.1 | 0.93 |
Middle class | 54.1 ± 18.5 | 59.2 ± 22.5 | 54.9 ± 22.3 | 56.5 ± 18.5 | 61.8 ± 20.1 | 59.1 ± 20.6 | ||||||
Lower middle class | 54.4 ± 18.6 | 65.2 ± 22.1 | 61.1 ± 24.4 | 56.5 ± 19.6 | 64.1 ± 20.8 | 62.7 ± 21.4 | ||||||
Skilled working class | 50.6 ± 18.6 | 60.4 ± 21.8 | 61.4 ± 21.0 | 55.6 ± 20.6 | 61.6 ± 21.7 | 65.3 ± 18.9 | ||||||
Working class | 45.9 ± 14.3 | 59.1 ± 22.9 | 53.2 ± 21.6 | 50.7 ± 19.5 | 61.9 ± 17.0 | 59.5 ± 20.0 | ||||||
Others | 47.6 ± 24.4 | 54.5 ± 27.0 | 61.9 ± 21.5 | 56.3 ± 22.1 | 56.1 ± 26.6 | 62.9 ± 24.6 | ||||||
Level of education | ||||||||||||
< High school | 50.8 ± 18.3 | 0.26 | 59.6 ± 22.3 | < 0.001 | 57.0 ± 22.1 | 0.023 | 55.0 ± 20.0 | 0.69 | 60.7 ± 20.3 | 0.001 | 60.1 ± 20.1 | 0.005 |
High school diploma or higher | 54.4 ± 19.9 | 72.7 ± 18.7 | 68.7 ± 22.0 | 56.4 ± 21.5 | 72.9 ± 18.1 | 72.5 ± 18.5 | ||||||
Diabetes mellitus | ||||||||||||
No | 52.2 ± 18.8 | 0.30 | 64.3 ± 21.4 | 0.033 | 61.9 ± 22.0 | 0.050 | 55.5 ± 21.5 | 0.74 | 63.9 ± 20.5 | 0.31 | 65.0 ± 20.2 | 0.033 |
Yes | 49.6 ± 18.2 | 56.6 ± 23.3 | 52.3 ± 22.8 | 54.7 ± 17.2 | 60.7 ± 20.2 | 55.9 ± 19.4 | ||||||
Peripheral arterial disease | ||||||||||||
No | 52.5 ± 18.9 | 0.082 | 63.5 ± 21.3 | 0.15 | 60.8 ± 22.3 | 0.23 | 56.2 ± 20.8 | 0.15 | 64.0 ± 20.0 | 0.21 | 63.1 ± 20.6 | 0.67 |
Yes | 48.0 ± 17.5 | 57.6 ± 24.7 | 54.4 ± 23.0 | 52.2 ± 18.2 | 59.6 ± 21.5 | 61.1 ± 19.7 | ||||||
Depression | ||||||||||||
No | 51.6 ± 18.6 | 0.59 | 62.3 ± 22.4 | 0.55 | 59.0 ± 22.3 | 0.38 | 55.3 ± 20.3 | 0.96 | 63.1 ± 20.5 | 0.73 | 62.6 ± 20.4 | 0.84 |
Yes | 48.8 ± 19.0 | 58.6 ± 19.5 | 70.9 ± 26.8 | 55.0 ± 19.5 | 61.0 ± 19.1 | 64.8 ± 22.1 | ||||||
LVEF | ||||||||||||
> 50% | 50.4 ± 18.6 | 0.34 | 61.3 ± 21.3 | 0.61 | 60.1 ± 23.1 | 0.88 | 53.9 ± 20.3 | 0.25 | 61.9 ± 20.0 | 0.52 | 62.6 ± 20.2 | 0.76 |
30–50% | 52.8 ± 18.0 | 63.2 ± 24.7 | 57.8 ± 22.6 | 57.6 ± 19.8 | 64.8 ± 21.5 | 62.0 ± 21.2 | ||||||
< 30% | 57.4 ± 22.0 | 67.9 ± 21.4 | 60.1 ± 12.5 | 61.3 ± 21.6 | 67.7 ± 19.7 | 69.3 ± 20.4 | ||||||
NYHA class ≥3 | ||||||||||||
No | 52.6 ± 18.4 | 0.001 | 63.0 ± 22.0 | 0.070 | 59.5 ± 22.5 | 0.91 | 55.8 ± 20.3 | 0.14 | 63.8 ± 20.2 | 0.091 | 62.6 ± 20.1 | 0.83 |
Yes | 38.8 ± 16.7 | 51.0 ± 23.0 | 58.4 ± 24.4 | 49.6 ± 18.2 | 53.5 ± 21.4 | 65.0 ± 25.3 | ||||||
CCS class ≥3 | ||||||||||||
No | 53.4 ± 18.4 | < 0.001 | 64.0 ± 21.9 | 0.011 | 60.2 ± 22.0 | 0.48 | 55.9 ± 20.1 | 0.31 | 64.7 ± 20.0 | 0.013 | 63.7 ± 19.7 | 0.29 |
Yes | 42.5 ± 17.2 | 53.5 ± 21.8 | 55.6 ± 25.2 | 52.5 ± 20.5 | 55.2 ± 20.3 | 57.3 ± 23.6 | ||||||
Outcome | ||||||||||||
Uneventful | 51.2 ± 18.9 | 0.71 | 62.7 ± 22.2 | 0.28 | 60.3 ± 22.8 | 0.12 | 54.9 ± 20.2 | 0.47 | 63.3 ± 20.6 | 0.58 | 63.4 ± 20.1 | 0.30 |
Complicated | 52.5 ± 17.0 | 57.5 ± 21.8 | 50.2 ± 17.6 | 57.8 ± 20.6 | 60.9 ± 19.3 | 55.3 ± 22.5 |