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Table 2 Physical and Mental component summary of HRQoL in IHD Patients according to Health Literacy Levels

From: Association of health literacy and medication adherence with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with ischemic heart disease

Variables

Health related quality of life (HRQoL) components

PCS-12 (mean ± SD)

MCS-12 (mean ± SD)

Health literacy

Inadequate

Adequate

p value

Inadequate

Adequate

p value

Age

      

< 65 years

26.53 ± 8.64

37.62 ± 12.54

0.001**

39.47 ± 14.99

49.06 ± 11.97

0.001**

> 65 years

27.46 ± 7.90

39.83 ± 10.47

0.001**

42.17 ± 13.75

47.00 ± 10.37

0.26

Gender

      

Male

28.46 ± 9.76

37.62 ± 11.97

0.001**

42.30 ± 12.67

49.32 ± 11.25

0.002*

Female

24.68 ± 5.78

40.92 ± 12.65

0.008*

37.57 ± 16.57

44.61 ± 12.99

0.248

Residence area

      

Urban

27.02 ± 8.49

37.80 ± 12.50

0.001**

41.16 ± 14.97

48.51 ± 11.85

0.001**

Rural

25.16 ± 7.97

41.26 ± 5.90

0.001**

33.52 ± 10.39

49.07 ± 9.26

0.014*

Educational status

 

36.68 ± 13.48

0.045*

39.79 ± 15.03

51.19 ± 10.20

0.01*

No—primary education

25.97 ± 8.28

38.47 ± 11.83

0.263

44.34 ± 9.99

47.99 ± 11.85

0.281

Secondary—higher education

35.00 ± 4.84

     

Socioeconomic status

      

Upper

30.13 ± 8.27

45.87 ± 6.59

0.026*

42.83 ± 0.52

49.75 ± 9.27

0.026*

Middle

31.05 ± 9.97

37.07 ± 11.91

0.055

45.54 ± 11.99

47.74 ± 12.64

0.523

Lower

25.97 ± 7.96

38.05 ± 12.87

0.001**

39.22 ± 15.12

49.49 ± 10.73

0.001**

Employment status

      

Employed

30.79 ± 10.22

41.10 ± 12.56

0.001**

45.36 ± 14.09

50.71 ± 11.73

0.111

Un-employed

25.83 ± 7.68

33.47 ± 9.97

0.001**

38.97 ± 14.59

33.24 ± 9.98

0.016*

Type of Ischemic condition

      

Angina

28.67 ± 10.50

38.24 ± 12.86

0.081

40.49 ± 13.17

48.47 ± 10.93

0.120

Myocardial infarction

26.32 ± 7.81

38.13 ± 12.01

0.001**

40.13 ± 15.07

48.59 ± 11.78

0.001**

History of revascularization

      

Yes

27.87 ± 8.09

37.21 ± 12.45

0.001**

45.83 ± 12.81

49.61 ± 11.09

0.200

No

26.44 ± 8.54

39.44 ± 11.56

0.001**

38.38 ± 14.82

47.13 ± 12.26

0.006*

Time since first ischemic episode (years)

      

≤ 5

27.42 ± 9.34

37.66 ± 13.15

0.001**

41.42 ± 15.06

48.66 ± 11.41

0.002*

> 5

25.5 ± 6.38

39.87 ± 6.76

0.001**

36.89 ± 12.52

48.24 ± 12.55

0.017*

Other CVD conditions

      

0

26.88 ± 8.65

38.13 ± 12.37

0.001**

40.73 ± 12.86

48.91 ± 11.80

0.001**

 ≥ 1

20.01 ± 5.72

38.43 ± 3.77

0.008*

35.64 ± 28.38

43.25 ± 3.77

0.658

Clinical CVD risk factors

      

0–1

28.47 ± 8.86

39.99 ± 13.44

0.004*

42.45 ± 12.36

43.57 ± 11.65

0.747

2

26.52 ± 9.08

37.43 ± 10.88

0.001**

40.49 ± 17.35

52.00 ± 10.47

0.001**

≥ 3

25.43 ± 7.14

37.08 ± 12.39

0.003*

37.79 ± 13.84

49.56 ± 11.57

0.002*

Medication adherence

      

Adherent

25.99 ± 10.5

34.91 ± 11.31

0.0235*

42.29 ± 14.88

51.3 ± 10.12

0.0053*

Non-adherent

–

27.36 ± 8.71

–

–

38.12 ± 11.69

–

  1. SD standard deviation, CVD ardiovascular disease
  2. *p ≤ 0.05–0.002, **≤ 0.001–0.0001