Association of health literacy and medication adherence with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with ischemic heart disease

Table 5 Predictors of HRQoL in IHD patients

Characteristics	PCS-12
	Unadjusted		Adjusted^ǂ
	β-coefficients (CI)	p values	β-coefficients (CI)	p values
Health literacy score	0.513 (0.21 to 0.33)	0.0001**	0.383 (0.12 to 0.29)	0.0001**
Adequate	− 0.412 (− 13.6 to − 7.7)	0.0001**	− 0.196 (− 8.6 to − 1.5)	0.005*
Marginal	− 0.08 (− 7.3 to 1.2)	0.163	− 0.016 (− 4.5 to 3.4)	0.783
Inadequate	0.417 (6.9 to 11.9)	0.0001**	0.208 (1.4 to 7.9)	0.005*
Medication adherence score	− 0.123 (− 1.8 to 0.008)	0.052	− 0.133 (− 1.7 to − 0.17)	0.018*
High	− 0.095 (− 4.6 to 0.59)	0.132	− 0.124 (− 4.9 to − 0.29)	0.027*
Medium	0.006 (− 2.6 to 2.9)	0.924	0.020 (− 2 to 2.9)	0.725
Low	0.110 (− 0.35 to 5.9)	0.081	0.134 (0.58 to 6.3)	0.018*
Time since first episode (years)	− 0.042 (− 4.1 to 2)	0.510	− 0.052 (− 3.9 to 1.4)	0.356
History of re-vascularization	− 0.115 (− 5.3 to 0.195)	0.069	− 0.008 (− 2.7 to 2.3)	0.889
Type of ischemic condition	− 0.076 (− 5.1 to 1.2)	0.230	− 0.076 (− 4.9 to 0.97)	0.190
No. of CVD risk factors	− 0.136 (− 3.3 to − 0.16)	0.031*	− 0.091 (− 2.6 to 0.252)	0.107

Characteristics	MCS− 12
	Unadjusted		Adjusted^ǂ
	β-coefficients (CI)	p values	β-coefficients (CI)	p values
Health literacy score	0.241 (0.086 to 0.261)	0.001**	0.107 (− 0.053 to 0.207)	0.242
Adequate	− 0.224 (− 12.24 to − 3.6)	0.0001**	− 0.108 (− 9.1 to 1.53)	0.16
Marginal	0.103 (− 1.8 to 11.6)	0.151	0.049 (− 4.6 to 9.1)	0.505
Inadequate	0.270 (3.9 to 12.7)	0.0001**	0.147 (− 1.2 to 10.3)	0.119
Medication adherence score	− 0.175 (− 2.9 to − 0.51)	0.005*	− 0.161 (− 2.7 to − 0.4)	0.009*
High	− 0.147 (− 7.7 to − 0.68)	0.019*	− 0.163 (− 8 to − 1.3)	0.007*
Medium	0.027 (− 2.9 to 4.6)	0.676	0.078 (− 1.8 to 5.5)	0.329
Low	0.151 (0.97 to 9.6)	0.017*	0.136 (0.52 to 9)	0.028*
Time since first episode (Yrs)	− 0.096 (− 7.4 to 0.93)	0.127	− 0.107 (− 7.6 to 0.43)	0.080
History of re-vascularization	− 0.225 (− 10.5 to − 3.1)	0.0001**	− 0.162 (− 8.6 to − 1.2)	0.009*
Type of ischemic condition	− 0.009 (− 4.7 to 4)	0.886	− 0.046 (− 5.9 to 2.7)	0.469
No. of CVD risk factors	− 0.070 (− 3.4 to 0.95)	0.268	− 0.033 (− 2.7 to 1.5)	0.587

CVD cardiovascular disease, PCS physical component summary, MCS mental component summary
*p ≤ 0.05–0.002, **≤ 0.001–0.0001, ǂ Adjusted for Co-variates; age, gender, marital status, education, area of residence, employment status

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