A systematic review of cross-cultural adaptation of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index

Table 2 Quality assessment of the process for cross-cultural adaptations of the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom

Language-population	Forward translation	Synthesis	Back translation	Expert committee review	Pretesting	Appraisal of the Adaptation Process
Arabic-Egyptian [18]	+	+	–	–	0	+
Chinese-Mainland [19]	–	+	?	0	0	+
Chinese-Malaysian [20]	?	+	–	0	0	+
Danish [21]	?	+	+	–	–	+
Estonian [22]	–	+	–	–	+	+
Finnish [23]	–	+	–	+	?	+
French-Canadian [24]	–	+	–	0	–	+
German (1,2) [25, 26]	?	+	–	?	0	+
Italian [27]	+	+	–	+	?	+
Japanese (a) [28]	–	+	0	0	0	+
Japanese (b) [29]	–	+	–	0	0	+
Malaysian [20]	?	+	–	0	0	+
Persian [30]	–	+	–	?	0	+
Portuguese-Brazilian [31]	+	+	+	+	+	+
Spanish [32]	–	+	–	+	+	+
Turkish [33]	?	+	+	?	–	+

+ = Positive rating; ? = doubtful design or method;—= negative rating; 0 = no information available; German (1,2), two German publications with the same adaptation; Japanese (a) and Japanese (b), two different Japanese adaptations

ISSN: 1477-7525