Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents

Age

44.67

12.51

45.03

14.71

44.90

13.88

0.43

 Age groups (1–5)

N

%

N

%

N

%

  20–30

11

14.47

25

20.16

36

18

0.49

  31–40

17

22.37

22

17.74

39

19.5

  41–50

25

32.89

38

30.65

63

31.5

  41–60

16

21.05

20

16.13

36

18

  >60

7

9.21

19

15.32

26

13

Ethnic

N

%

N

%

N

%

 Kinh

24

31.58

48

38.71

72

36

0.31

 Others

52

66.42

76

61.29

128

64

Education

N

%

N

%

N

%

 Primary school

32

41.51

42

33.87

74

37

0.03

 Secondary school

27

35.53

46

37.1

73

36.6

 Above secondary school

11

14.47

9

7.26

20

10

 Others

6

7.89

27

21.77

33

16.5

Number of family members

N

%

N

%

N

%

 1 to 2

7

9.21

23

18.55

30

15

0.18

 3 to 4

37

48.68

51

41.13

88

44

 Above 5

32

42.11

50

40.32

82

41

Annual income (Vietnamese dong/USD)

N

%

N

%

N

%

 <20 million/1000

29

38.16

63

50.81

92

46

0.08

 20–60 million/1000–3000

40

52.63

57

45.97

97

48.5

 >60 millions/3000

7

9.21

4

3.23

11

5.5

Health expenditure (% of total income)

 <5 %

31

40.79

43

34.68

74

37

0.08

 5–10 %

16

21.05

22

17.74

38

19

 10–20 %

20

26.32

24

19.35

44

22

 20–30 %

6

7.89

16

12.9

22

11

 >30 %

3

3.95

19

15.32

22

11